Environmental Data
Greenhouse Gas Emissions
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Greenhouse Gas Emissions
Related Greenhouse Gas (GHG) emissions in totals and by scope in metric tons CO2e (rounded to 100 tons)
In 2023, SAP achieved its Carbon Neutrality goal. Going forward SAP aims to achieve net-zero across the relevant value chain from the newly established baseline 2023. Therefore the 2023 figures presented here do not match the reported figures from the previous year in all categories and numbers from 2020-2022 are not comparable to 2023 and 2024.
Due to rounding, the sum of the numbers presented in the table might not precisely equal the totals we provide.
Further information on the GHG Emissions Calculation Methodology can be found in SAP's Sustainability Statement in section E1 - Climate Change
| 2024 | 2023 | 2022 | 2021 | 2020 | |
| GHG Emissions Scope 1 | |||||
| GHG Emissions Scope 1 | 108,800 | 112,000 | 107,500 | 96,300 | 97,400 |
| Stationary combustion1 | 18,600 | 19,300 | 19,700 | 20,000 | 20,400 |
| Refrigerants Facilities | 4,300 | 5,600 | 5,500 | 3,700 | 4,000 |
| Mobile Combustion Corporate Cars | 83,900 | 84,500 | 79,400 | 70,800 | 71,800 |
| Refrigerants in Corporate Cars2 | n/a | n/a | 500 | 400 | 400 |
| Mobile Combustion Corporate Jets | 2,000 | 2,700 | 2,500 | 1,300 | 700 |
| GHG Emissions Scope 2 | |||||
| GHG Emissions Scope 2 (location-based) | 119,600 | 128,600 | 175,300 | 111,500 | 125,000 |
| GHG Emissions Scope 2 (market-based) | 1,300 | 1,300 | 1,500 | 43,300 | 34,200 |
| Electricity in Office Buildings | |||||
| Electricity in office buildings (location-based) | 47,200 | 45,500 | 54,500 | 45,900 | 49,500 |
| Electricity in office buildings (market-based) | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Electricity in Own Data Centers | |||||
| Electricity in own data centers (location-based) | 35,600 | 37,000 | 50,400 | 64,000 | 74,700 |
| Electricity in own data centers (market-based) | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Electricity in Co-Location Data Centers3 | |||||
| Electricity in co-location data centers (location-based) | 32,000 | 38,000 | 62,000 | see 'Scope 3' | see 'Scope 3' |
| Electricity in co-location data centers (market-based) | 0 | 0 | 0 | see 'Scope 3' | see 'Scope 3' |
| Home Office Electricity4, 5 | |||||
| Home office electricity (location-based) | n/a | 5,000 | 5,500 | n/a | n/a |
| Home office electricity (market-based) | n/a | 0 | 0 | n/a | n/a |
| E-Mobility4 | |||||
| E-mobility electricity (location-based) | 3,500 | 2,000 | 1,400 | n/a | n/a |
| E-mobility electricity (market-based) | 0 | 0 | 0 | n/a | n/a |
| Purchased Heat, Steam, and Cooling | |||||
| Purchased heat, steam, and cooling (location-based) | 1,300 | 1,300 | 1,500 | 1,700 | 800 |
| Purchased heat, steam, and cooling (market-based) | 1,300 | 1,300 | 1,500 | 1,700 | 800 |
| GHG Emissions Scope 3 Upstream and Downstream | |||||
| Total Indirect GHG Emissions Scope 3 Upstream and Downstream | 6,757,500 | 6,818,500 | 158,100 | 137,100 | 188,200 |
| Category 1 - Purchased Goods and Services6 | 962,100 | 907,100 | n/a | n/a | n/a |
| Electricity consumed by Hyperscale Services6 | n/a | n/a | 83,300 | 46,500 | 3,400 |
| Electricity consumed by co-location data centers3 | see 'Scope 2' | see 'Scope 2' | see 'Scope 2' | 63,100 | 70,700 |
| Category 2 - Capital Goods7 | 204,000 | 178,400 | n/a | n/a | n/a |
| Category 4 - Upstream Transportation and Distribution8, 9 | n/a | n/a | 1,000 | 900 | 1,400 |
| Logistics (Paper, Parcel and Mail, Data Download)8, 9 | n/a | n/a | 1,000 | 900 | 1,400 |
| Category 6 - Business Travel | 108,100 | 82,600 | 54,000 | 14,700 | 95,900 |
| Business flights | 101,200 | 76,000 | 48,900 | 12,600 | 91,300 |
| Rental cars | 4,400 | 4,100 | 3,100 | 1,000 | 2,700 |
| Train travel | 600 | 600 | 500 | 300 | 600 |
| Business trips with private car | 1,900 | 1,900 | 1,500 | 800 | 1,300 |
| Category 7 - Employee Commuting | 17,800 | 17,800 | 19,800 | 11,900 | 16,800 |
| Flexible Mobility10 | 1,100 | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a |
| Employee Commuting | 16,700 | 17,800 | 19,800 | 11,900 | 16,800 |
| Category 11 - Use of Sold Products11 | 5,465,500 | 5,632,800 | n/a | n/a | n/a |
| Gross GHG Emissions | |||||
| Gross GHG Emissions (location-based) | 6,985,900 | 7,059,100 | 440,900 | 344,900 | 410,500 |
| Gross GHG Emissions (market-based) | 6,867,700 | 6,931,800 | 267,100 | 276,700 | 319,700 |
1 Includes the CH4 and N2O emissions of combustion of biomass (wood pellets in our co-generation unit / combined heat and power system).
2 This KPI is no longer included in Scope 1 starting 2023 since it is not part of the inventory of SAP's net-zero commitment.
3 In 2022, we re-evaluated the categorization of the former Scope 3 upstream category “Electricity in External Data Centers” and decided to re-categorize the emissions as Scope 2 "Electricity in Co-Location Data Centers" due to the underlying leasing model and SAP’s operational control over the IT infrastructure. Before 2022, co-locations-related data can be found in section 'Scope 3'.
4 This GHG emissions category was introduced in 2022, hence no data is available prior to 2022.
5 Starting in 2024, we no longer report emissions from end-user IT equipment used by employees working from home because their electricity consumption is insignificant compared to SAP’s total energy use. Additionally, our strict return-to-office policy further reduces this consumption.
6 As part of SAP's net-zero commitment, Category 1 - Purchased Goods and Services has been included in our inventory, hence no data is avaiable prior to 2023. Electricity consumed by Hyperscale Services is starting 2023 included in this category and won't be disclosed separately.
7 As part of SAP's net-zero commitment, Category 2 - Capital Goods has been included in our inventory.
8 Starting 2023, Logistics (Paper, Parcel and Mail, Data Download) is part of Category 1 - Purchased Goods and Services. Hence, Category 4 - Upstream Transporation and Distribution is no longer reported separately.
9 In 2021, we established this sub-category under category 4 which consists of the following three emission sources: 1) Emissions caused by mail and parcel, 2) Emissions caused by the consumption of paper, and 3) Emissions caused by our customers downloading software data from our servers (originally a downstream emissions category). Due to their insignificant emissions impact, calculation is done based on an average factor ‘carbon emissions per FTE.’ This factor has been determined based on the emissions data of each category of the previous three years.
10 This GHG emissions category was introduced in 2024, hence no data is available prior to 2024.
11 As part of SAP's net-zero commitment, Category 11 - Use of Sold Products has been included in our inventory, hence no data is avaiable prior to 2023.
GHG Intensity per Net Revenue
| 2024 | 2023 | 2022 | 2021 | 2020 | |
| Gross GHG emissions (location-based) per net revenue12 | 280 | 313 | n/a | n/a | n/a |
| Gross GHG emissions (market-based) per net revenue12 | 275 | 308 | n/a | n/a | n/a |
12 Kilotons CO2e/monetary unit. This KPI is only reported from 2023 onwards in line with SAP's net-zero commitment and ESRS reporting requirements.
Science-Based Target
Related Greenhouse Gas (GHG) emissons in metric million tons CO2e.
Our net-zero commitment is the cornerstone of our climate change mitigation. SAP commits to reduce its Gross GHG Emissions (market-based) across the value chain (Scope 1, 2 and 3) by at least 90% to reach net zero by 2030. Remaining residual emissions will be neutralized by a maximum of 10% carbon removals. The scope is the GHG Protocol-aligned baseline, including Scope 1, Scope 2 market-based, and all business-relevant Scope 3 value chain emissions. For more information on the GHG Emissions Calculation Methodology, see the Sustainability Statement in chapter E1 - Climate Change. The net-zero target has been validated and approved by the Science Based Targets initiative (SBTi), which also verified that SAP’s target is compatible with limiting global warming to 1.5°C as advocated by the Paris Agreement.