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Carbon Neutrality In Our Own Operations by 20231
Progress Report: Related Greenhouse Gas (GHG) emissions in metric tons CO2e
For our carbon neutrality target we consider the following emissions: Scope 1 net + Scope 2, location-based net + Scope 3 (limited value chain; reduced by renewable electricity and carbon offsets). For a detailed breakdown per scope, see table further below.
| 2023 | 2022 | 2021 | 2020 | 2019 | |
| Total net GHG emissions2 (rounded to 5,000 tons) | 0 | 85,000 | 110,000 | 135,000 | 300,000 |
| Year-over-Year change [in %] | −100 | −23 | −19 | −55 | −3 |
| Annual target3 | 0 | 95,000 | 110,000 | 150,000 | 285,000 |
| Annual target achievement [in %] | 100 | 112 | 100 | 111 | 95 |
| Progress towards target year 2023 relative to base year 2017 [in %] | 100 | 74 | 66 | 59 | 8 |
| GHG Intensity | |||||
| Net GHG emissions [in tons CO2e] per employee [in full-time equivalent] | 0 | 0.8 | 1.0 | 1.3 | 3.0 |
| Net GHG emissions [n grams CO2e] per € revenue | 0 | 2.8 | 3.9 | 4.9 | 10.9 |
1 Due to rounding, the sum of the numbers presented in the table might not precisely equal the totals we provide.
2 The value is reduced by renewable electricity (e.g., on-site produced renewables or Energy Attribute Certificates) and (2) carbon offsets.
3 For 2022, our outlook was updated in October 2022 to reflect the catch-up effects in business travel after the COVID-19 pandemic began to subside (adjusted target: 90-95 kilotons (kt); original target for 2022: 70 kt). In both preceding years, 2021 and 2020, we reduced our targeted outlook to reflect the expected impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on SAP’s business results. In July 2021, we reduced our carbon emissions outlook for 2021 from 145 kt to a range of 90 kt to 110 kt. In 2020, the latest target change entailed an update from the original level of 238 kt to 150 kt. Please note: The target achievement relevant for our short-term compensation of the Executive Board may differ, please see "Compensation Report".
Greenhouse Gas Emissions
Overview and Breakdown of SAP's GHG Emissions (Carbon Neutrality scope)10
Related Greenhouse Gas (GHG) emissions in totals and by scope in metric tons CO2e (rounded to 100 tons)
| 2023 | 2022 | 2021 | 2020 | 2019 | |
| Total4 gross5 GHG Emissions | 471,500 | 440,900 | 344,900 | 410,500 | 793,700 |
| Total6 net7 GHG emissions (location-based)8 | 0 | 86,800 | 107,900 | 133,400 | 300,500 |
| Total9 net GHG emissions (market-based)10 | 0 | 86,800 | 149,600 | 166,800 | 398,600 |
| Total amount of applied GHG reductions (renewable electricity: Scope 2 location-based and Scope 3) | 161,400 | 257,000 | 219,500 | 198,300 | 219,600 |
| Total amount of applied GHG reductions (renewable electricity: Scope 2 market-based and Scope 3) | 129,200 | 207,300 | 147,500 | 127,500 | 99,100 |
| Total amount of applied carbon compensation (carbon offsets; Scope 1, 2, and 3) | 215,400 | 97,000 | 17,500 | 78,800 | 273,500 |
4 The total consists of the following emission scopes: Scope 1 gross, Scope 2 gross (location-based), Scope 3 gross.
5 'Gross' refers to the fact that no GHG reductions (e.g., Energy Attribute Certificates) nor carbon offsets were taken into account.
6 The total consists of the following emission scopes: Scope 1 net, Scope 2 net (location-based), Scope 3 net (reduced by renewable electricity and carbon offsets).
7 'Net' refers to the application of carbon compensation (carbon offsets).
8 The location-based net value is reduced by (1) renewable electricity (e.g., on-site produced renewables or Energy Attribute Certificates) and (2) carbon offsets.
9 The total consists of the following emission scopes: Scope 1 net, Scope 2 net (market-based), Scope 3 net (reduced by renewable electricity and carbon offsets).
10 The market-based net value is reduced by (1) renewable electricity (e.g., on-site produced renewables or Energy Attribute Certificates) and (2) carbon offsets. For the renewables, we consider a regional market-boundary approach since 2022. For more information see "Non-Financial Notes: Environmental Performance".
Scope 1
| 2023 | 2022 | 2021 | 2020 | 2019 | |
| Scope 1 gross5 | 112,800 | 107,500 | 96,300 | 97,400 | 152,500 |
| Scope 1 net7 | 0 | 78,200 | 91,200 | 94,300 | 126,200 |
| Stationary combustion11 | |||||
| Stationary combustion (gross) | 19,300 | 19,700 | 20,000 | 20,400 | 31,400 |
| Stationary combustion (net) | 0 | 0 | 20,000 | 20,400 | 23,900 |
| Refrigerants Facilities | |||||
| Refrigerants facilities (gross) | 5,600 | 5,500 | 3,700 | 4,000 | 4,600 |
| Refrigerants facilities (net) | 0 | 0 | 3,700 | 4,000 | 4,600 |
| Mobile Combustion Corporate Cars | |||||
| Mobile combustion corporate cars (gross) | 84,500 | 79,400 | 70,800 | 71,800 | 109,300 |
| Mobile combustion corporate cars (net) | 0 | 77,800 | 67,000 | 69,400 | 93,800 |
| Refrigerants in Corporate Cars | |||||
| Refrigerants in corporate cars (gross) | 900 | 500 | 400 | 400 | 3,900 |
| Refrigerants in corporate cars (net) | 0 | 500 | 400 | 400 | 3,900 |
| Mobile Combustion Corporate Jets | |||||
| Mobile combustion corporate jets (gross) | 2,700 | 2,500 | 1,300 | 700 | 3,300 |
| Mobile combustion corporate jets (net) | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| CO2 emissions from the combustion of biomass (not accounted for in Scope 1; out of scopes) | 461 | 686 | 375 | 1,000 | 872 |
| Total amount of applied carbon compensation (carbon offsets) for Scope 1 | 112,800 | 29,300 | 5,100 | 3,100 | 26,300 |
5 'Gross' refers to the fact that no GHG reductions (e.g., Energy Attribute Certificates) nor carbon offsets were taken into account.
7 'Net' refers to the application of carbon compensation (carbon offsets).
11 Includes the CH4 and N2O emissions of combustion of biomass (wood pellets in our co-generation unit / combined heat and power system).
Scope 2
| 2023 | 2022 | 2021 | 2020 | 2019 | |
| Scope 2 gross5 (location-based)12 | 128,600 | 175,300 | 111,500 | 125,000 | 154,000 |
| Scope 2 gross5 (market-based)13 | 1,300 | 1,500 | 43,300 | 34,200 | 98,500 |
| Scope 2 net (location-based)8 | 0 | 0 | 1,700 | 800 | 700 |
| Scope 2 net (market-based)10 | 0 | 0 | 43,300 | 34,200 | 98,500 |
| Electricity in Office Buildings | |||||
| Electricity in office buildings (gross) | 45,500 | 54,500 | 45,900 | 49,500 | 74,600 |
| Electricity in office buildings (location-based) | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Electricity in office buildings (market-based) | 0 | 0 | 15,100 | 16,600 | 45,500 |
| Electricity in Own Data Centers | |||||
| Electricity in own data centers (gross) | 37,000 | 50,400 | 64,000 | 74,700 | 78,700 |
| Electricity in own data centers (location-based) | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Electricity in own data centers (market-based) | 0 | 0 | 26,600 | 16,800 | 52,400 |
| Electricity in Co-Location Data Centers14 | |||||
| Electricity in co-location data centers (gross) | 38,000 | 62,000 | see 'Scope 3' | ||
| Electricity in co-location data centers (location-based) | 0 | 0 | see 'Scope 3' | ||
| Electricity in co-location data centers (market-based) | 0 | 0 | see 'Scope 3' | ||
| Home Office Electricity15 | |||||
| Home office electricity (gross) | 5,000 | 5,500 | n/a | ||
| Home office electricity (location-based) | 0 | 0 | n/a | ||
| Home office electricity (market-based) | 0 | 0 | n/a | ||
| E-Mobility15 | |||||
| E-mobility electricity (gross) | 2,000 | 1,400 | n/a | ||
| E-mobility electricity (location-based) | 0 | 0 | n/a | ||
| E-mobility electricity (market-based) | 0 | 0 | n/a | ||
| Purchased Heat, Steam, and Cooling | |||||
| Purchased heat, steam, and cooling (gross) | 1,300 | 1,500 | 1,700 | 800 | 700 |
| Purchased heat, steam, and cooling (net) | 0 | 0 | 1,700 | 800 | 700 |
| Total amount of applied GHG reductions for Scope 2 (location-based) | 127,400 | 173,800 | 109,900 | 124,200 | 153,400 |
| Total amount of applied GHG reductions for Scope 2 (market-based) | 95,200 | 124,000 | 37,900 | 53,400 | 32,900 |
| Total amount of applied carbon compensation (carbon offsets) for Scope 2 | 1,300 | 1,500 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
5 'Gross' refers to the fact that no GHG reductions (e.g., Energy Attribute Certificates) nor carbon offsets were taken into account.
8 The location-based net value is reduced by (1) renewable electricity (e.g., on-site produced renewables or Energy Attribute Certificates) and (2) carbon offsets.
10 The market-based net value is reduced by (1) renewable electricity (e.g., on-site produced renewables or Energy Attribute Certificates) and (2) carbon offsets. For the renewables, we consider a regional market-boundary approach since 2022. For more information see "Non-Financial Notes: Environmental Performance".
12 The location-based gross value considers regional- or country-specific emissions factors.
13 The market-based gross value considers regional- or country-specific emissions factors if no market-based emission factors are available. The value is reduced by renewable electricity which is leveraged through on-site produced renewables and contractual instruments such as Energy Attribute Certificates. No consideration of carbon offsets. For the renewables, we consider a regional market-boundary approach since 2022. For more information see "Non-Financial Notes: Environmental Performance".
14 In 2022, we re-evaluated the categorization of the former Scope 3 upstream category “Electricity in External Data Centers” and decided to re-categorize the emissions as Scope 2 due to the underlying leasing model and SAP’s operational control over the IT infrastructure. Before 2022, co-locations-related data can be found in section 'Scope 3'.
15 This GHG emissions category was introduced in 2022, hence no data is available prior to 2022.
Scope 3 limited value chain
(reflecting a selective range of Scope 3 categories)16
| 2023 | 2022 | 2021 | 2020 | 2019 | |
| Scope 3 gross5 | 230,100 | 158,100 | 137,100 | 188,200 | 487,100 |
| Scope 3 (reduced by renewable electricity) | 101,300 | 74,800 | 27,500 | 114,100 | 421,000 |
| Scope 3 (reduced by renewable electricity and carbon offsets) | 94,800 | 8,500 | 15,100 | 38,400 | 173,800 |
| Category 1 - Purchased Goods and Services | |||||
| Electricity consumed by Hyperscale Services (gross) | 128,800 | 83,300 | 46,500 | 3,400 | 2,100 |
| Electricity consumed by Hyperscale Services (reduced by renewable electricity17) | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Electricity consumed by co-location data centers14 (gross) | see 'Scope 2' | see 'Scope 2' | 63,100 | 70,700 | 64,200 |
| Electricity consumed by co-location data centers14 (reduced by renewable electricity17) | see 'Scope 2' | see 'Scope 2' | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Category 4 - Upstream Transporation and Distribution18 | |||||
| Logistics (Paper, Parcel and Mail, Data Download) (gross) | 1,000 | 1,000 | 900 | 1,400 | 13,200 |
| Logistics (Paper, Parcel and Mail, Data Download) (net) | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 10,900 |
| Category 6 - Business Travel | |||||
| Business Travel (gross) | 82,600 | 54,000 | 14,700 | 95,900 | 358,600 |
| Business Travel (net) | 0 | 8,500 | 3,200 | 21,600 | 116,700 |
| Business Flights (gross) | 76,000 | 48,900 | 12,600 | 91,300 | 339,600 |
| Business Flights (net) | 0 | 4,900 | 1,900 | 18,300 | 102,900 |
| Rental Cars (gross) | 4,100 | 3,100 | 1,000 | 2,700 | 11,900 |
| Rental Cars (net) | 0 | 3,100 | 1,000 | 2,700 | 11,900 |
| Train Travel (gross) | 600 | 500 | 300 | 600 | 1,900 |
| Train Travel (net) | 0 | 500 | 300 | 600 | 1,900 |
| Business Trips with Private Cars (gross) | 1,900 | 1,500 | 800 | 1,300 | 5,200 |
| Business Trips with Private Cars (net) | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Category 7 - Employee Commuting | |||||
| Employee Commuting (gross) | 17,800 | 19,800 | 11,900 | 16,800 | 49,200 |
| Employee Commuting (net) | 0 | 0 | 11,900 | 16,800 | 46,200 |
| Total amount of applied GHG reductions (renewable electricity) for Scope 317 | 34,000 | 83,300 | 109,600 | 74,100 | 66,300 |
| Total amount of applied carbon compensation (carbon offsets) for Scope 3 | 101,300 | 66,400 | 12,400 | 75,700 | 247,200 |
5 'Gross' refers to the fact that no GHG reductions (e.g., Energy Attribute Certificates) nor carbon offsets were taken into account.
14 In 2022, we re-evaluated the categorization of the former Scope 3 upstream category “Electricity in External Data Centers” and decided to re-categorize the emissions as Scope 2 due to the underlying leasing model and SAP’s operational control over the IT infrastructure. Before 2022, co-locations-related data can be found in section 'Scope 3'.
16 For our carbon neutral commitment, we take into account a limited value chain perspective. This means, we defined which Scope 3 categories are in scope of our control and hence are in scope for our carbon neutrality target determined in 2017. For more information see Integrated Report, section "Non-Financial Notes: Environmental Performance."
17 Due to the (still) very limited control over the energy / electricity procurement of our value chain partners, we maintain our approach to purchase high-quality EACs to compensate the electricity consumed which was not yet compensated by our suppliers.
18 In 2021, we established this sub-category under category 4 which consists of the following three emission sources: 1) Emissions caused by mail and parcel, 2) Emissions caused by the consumption of paper, and 3) Emissions caused by our customers downloading software data from our servers (originally a downstream emissions category). Due to their insignificant emissions impact, calculation is done based on an average factor ‘carbon emissions per FTE.’ This factor has been determined based on the emissions data of each category of the previous three years.
Science-Based Target
Related Greenhouse Gas (GHG) emissions in metric tons CO₂e (rounded to 1000 tons)
Set first in 2017 and re-assessed in 2019, SAP has a SBTi-approved and 1.5°-aligned reduction target: SAP commits to reduce total scope 1, 2 and 3 GHG emissions 40% by 2025 (near-term target), using a 2016 base year. This target is an important milestone in reducing emissions 85% by 2050, using a 2016 base year (see SBTi website: https://sciencebasedtargets.org/companies-taking-action). To accelerate our ambition, SAP aims to be net-zero along its value chain by 2030 in line with a 1.5°C climate change scenario – 20 years earlier than previously planned. To ensure an accurate and reliable baseline and reduction pathway as well as GHG emissions audited with reasonable assurance, we are currently re-assessing the scope and carbon calculation of our defined GHG footprint categories before submitting our net-zero target to the SBTi.
| 2023 | 2022 | 2021 | |
| Total GHG emissions21 | 6,111,000 | 5,934,000 | 5,780,000 |
| Annual target | 6,217,000 | 6,574,000 | 6,951,000 |
| Annual target achievement [in %] | 102 | 111 | 120 |
| Progress towards target year 2025 relative to base year 2016 [in %] | 91 | 94 | 96 |
21 Please note that SAP's validated target by the SBTi represents a subset of SAP’s gross GHG emissions along the full value chain disclosed in our Integrated Report, section "Non-Financial Notes: Environmental Performance".