Driven by strong adoption of our cloud portfolio, cloud revenue growth was strong and at the upper end of our revised outlook. In 2021 cloud revenue grew 17% to €9.42 billion (2020: €8.08 billion).
Total revenue increased to €27.84 billion in 2021, representing an increase of €504 million, or 2% (2020: €27.34 million).
Cloud and software revenue grew to €24.08 billion in 2021, an increase of 4% (2020:€23.23 billion). We exceeded our revised outlook for this measure in 2021.